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The border between the United States and Mexico has a long and often tumultuous history. After the end of the Mexican American War in 1848, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo gave the U.S. over half of Mexicos land. This area eventually became all of California, Nevada, Utah, and Texas, and parts of Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico.
The land that Mexico gave up in this treaty was still relatively unmapped when the treaty was signed, so the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo also called for commissions...
The Purpose of a Mortgage Survey When Buying Property
Before purchasing a home, or indeed any piece of real estate, it is important to investigate the condition of the property. This does not simply mean walking around the property to take a look at it. In fact, most of the facts that comprise the condition of the property cant actually be seen this way. Your methods of determining the true condition should range from a physical inspection to uncover any work needing to be done, to an official land survey of the property.
A mortgage survey is...
Important Land Surveys of the United States
Although at first you may assume that there havent been any important or famous land surveyors or land surveys in the United States, the truth is that many of the borders that come into play in your daily life were set by land surveys.
Though the boundary of each individual piece of property is usually set by surveyors, on a larger scale, land surveys are much more important. Take, for example, the Mason-Dixon line. What began as a simple property dispute between two families eventually came...
Land Surveying and GPS
Land surveyors once used tape measures and transits to measure distances and positions. Since the 1980s, electronic distance measurement, or EDM, devices have allowed for much more efficient and accurate measurements. These use a wave of energy that is shot between the EDM instrument and a reflector. The time the beam takes to return is then calculated as distance. Today, such calculations can be done using sophisticated GPS systems.
The Global Positioning System uses a network of satellites...
Eminent Domain
Eminent domain, also known as compulsory purchase expropriation, is the power of the state to seize a citizens land for public use. Monetary compensation is required in this situation, but the owners consent is not. In some jurisdictions, the government must offer to purchase the property at the owners price before resorting to eminent domain.
The property taken by eminent domain may be used for a variety of purposes, including public or civic use, or economic development in some cases....
Subdivision Platting
Subdivision platting is the process of splitting one larger piece of land into several smaller pieces of land. Generally, this plat, or map, is drawn to be used to sell off the smaller pieces of land. These pieces of land are often built upon before being sold, often by the same home builder, giving the look that many are familiar with of a subdivision with many similarly designed homes, each one on a separate lot of land.
Usually, the creation of a subdivision plat is done by a land surveyor...
Surveying and Vegetation
One of the challenges faced when using traditional land surveying methods is the necessity of surveying areas that are covered by thick vegetation. Some surveying projects require the measurement of such vegetation, while most applications require measurement of the terrain itself, rather than the vegetation covering this terrain. Topographic surveys may or may not require the measurement of vegetation, depending on their intended purpose.
When on the ground, land surveyors may find that...
Land Surveying in Georgia
Surveying has played a large role in Georgia since before statehood. Georgia's land surveyors have been instrumental in shaping the state, from power shifts before the Revolutionary War to policies regarding land distribution in the early nineteenth century, to rebuilding the state in the aftermath of the Civil War.
The first land surveys begun in what would become the state of Georgia were conducted by Spanish explorers who charted the coastline. Next, French Jesuits would survey the lands...
Courthouse Deed Research
Courthouse deed research involves going to the courthouse to look up the deed to a property. This can be a notoriously frustrating process because old records can be hard to locate. It can take several hours to find some deeds. The older the records are, the harder they will usually be to find. Although fires were common at courthouses through the 1920s, typically land deeds and property records were the first to be saved. Still, if you are looking for records that predate the 1900s, the...
Types of Land Surveys
While most people think of land surveys in the most basic sense, the drawing of the boundaries of a property, in actuality there are many varied and different ways of surveying that service many different industries. Property surveys are a large part of the business, but there are also surveys and surveyors that service the construction industry, the environmental sector, and many others. The kinds of surveys that are conducted would surprise most people, and some things that you might think...
How to Purchase Flood Insurance
Did you know that your homeowners insurance policy probably does not cover flood damage? Too many homeowners find this out the wrong way, by shelling out thousands of dollars to repair damage from a flood. The average home incurs $30,000 of damage following a flood, and you don't even need to live near a body of water to suffer flood damage. During the life of a typical 30 year mortgage, your home has a 26 percent chance of flood damage, as opposed to a 9 percent chance of fire. If you live in...
Investing in Vacant Land
Though most people purchase undeveloped land with the intention of building their dream home, there are other motivations for buying vacant land. This land is also a wise investment for developers, subdividers, or land speculators. Investing in land does require some research, or you could end up paying way too much for land that is essentially worthless. Despite the current state of the real estate market, many undeveloped properties are currently undervalued, especially when you consider easy...
Land Surveyor Ethics
Professional land surveyors must follow a strict code of ethics. This ethics code is set by each states State Board of Land Surveying. Many professional surveying societies also outline their own code of ethics. Although they vary by group, generally the guidelines outlined are approximately the same.
Land surveyor ethics are needed because land surveying can include an often surprising mix of art along with the science. It is sometimes difficult to know exactly how to survey a piece of...
Land Surveying Ethics
In an industry involved in both art and science, it is sometimes difficult to have hard and fast rules that apply to every ethical situation. But there is a clear set of guidelines that every respectable and honorable land surveyor should follow:
First and foremost, every land surveyor should always approach their work with a devotion to fairness, courtesy and personal honor towards all parties involved. The land surveyor is depended upon to be a neutral party the people can turn to who will...
The Importance of a Land Survey Before Purchasing Land
If you are interested in purchasing real estate, the wrong way to go about it is to simply find a plot or house that you like, and then make an offer. There are several often-forgotten steps that you should take before this point. Many people often overlook the land survey step of buying land. The best time to have a land survey undertaken is before you complete the process of purchasing the land.
Land surveyors can determine the boundary measurements to make sure that the plot of land you...
Flood Certification Land Surveying
If you live, or are considering moving to, areas where flooding may be a problem, then you may be in need of special land surveying or certification. Many areas of the country, including parts of Florida, Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina as well as many other states, are susceptible to flooding.
Before you have flood certification land surveys done on your land, consult the known information on flood plains in your area. This may be listed in your property profile, and if so, it can be...
How Surveyors and Engineers Work Together
If you're currently involved in the construction process, for example having a home custom-built, it may be difficult for you to tell the difference between a surveyor and an engineer. Both visit the site frequently to examine the work as it progresses. A surveyor and an engineer will often be found working on the same project; these two professions have complimentary skills, but vastly different jobs, though the differences can be difficult to ascertain if you're not a trained...
How Do Land Surveyors Establish Boundary Lines?
While most of us may think that establishing boundary lines on a piece of land is as easy as getting a measuring tape and your deed out, the truth is much more complicated than that. Land surveyors use a combination of research, science and art to determine where the true boundaries of any given property are. And only licensed and regulated Land Surveyors have the skills and means to assess a propertys boundary lines properly.
Most people would assume that the boundary survey starts with the...
Reasons to Survey Your Land
Although a land survey may seem tedious and unnecessary, in fact there are many cases in which you should have your land surveyed, to save confusion or legal troubles later.
If you have two surveys done, they will nearly always have slight differences, because land surveying is as much an art as a science. Measurements are always subject to error. In land surveying, these measurements are often taken from landmarks such as fence posts; in two separate surveys, the same landmarks may not be...
Highway Construction Surveying
Highway surveying is a specialized type of land surveying generally conducted for government agencies. A highway survey is often conducted during the highway planning stages. During the construction project, a highway construction survey can ensure that the process is going as it should and that the highway is located precisely where it should be. After the highway is built, a highway survey can be used to provide an accurate layout of roadways, utilities, storm drainage systems, overhead...
How Do I Find Out if Land is in a Flood Zone
Do you know if your land is in a flood zone? If not, you should. Even if your land does not flood yearly (or even every decade), you may need flood insurance to protect you from a flood that is destined to happen at some point in the future. Most homeowners insurance policies do not automatically cover a flood, even if your property is in a flood zone.
Knowing whether or not your home is in a flood zone is important whether you are a property owner, homeowner, or tenant. Youll need to know...
Hiring a Land Surveyor
Hiring a land surveyor is something most people do only once or twice in their lives, so they dont have a lot of experience when determining who to hire. Hiring a land surveyor is, in many ways, like hiring any other professional. Meet with potential surveyors to discuss your needs, and choose one that seems knowledgeable and trustworthy, and with whom you feel comfortable communicating. The land surveyor should be wiling to take the time to explain how the survey will be conducted.
Even if...
As-Built Surveys
Unlike many land surveys, done before buildings or other improvements are added to the land or after these additions are complete, as-built surveys are utilized during the middle of a construction project. Requested by many industries, as-built show improvements to the land, as they appeared in a particular point of time.
As-built surveys may be used for commercial or residential properties. Surveys are crucial tools in the construction industry from the planning stage to the actual...
Using a Land Surveyor as an Expert Witness
Are you concerned about your property boundaries? Do you feel that the boundary in use is actually in the wrong position? If you feel that a neighbor may be infringing on your property, your first step is to have a land survey conducted. Land surveyors often play a significant role in the resolving of land disputes. The surveyor can determine the exact property boundary, allowing you to tell whether your neighbor has built onto your land, or exactly where that fence is in relation to the...
History of Maryland Land Surveying
When King Charles I granted the Charter of Maryland to the Calverts in 1632, he also granted Cecil Calvert ownership of all land within certain boundaries and full authority to assign these lands. Between 1634 and 1680, the Calverts encouraged settlement by granting acreage (usually 50 acres) to each settler. Until 1680, any individual desiring land would have to apply to Lord Baltimore or to Lord Baltimore's Land Office.
During this process, an order would be issued to the county surveyor to...
Residential Land Surveying
There are many different types of land surveys. Residential land surveys are among the most common, and are the type of survey most likely to be encountered by the general public. Residential land surveying involves the precise measurements of the boundaries of a certain piece of real estate. This may also be called a boundary survey. Land surveys may be used in the case of property disputes or before you build on the land; title and lending companies may also require a land survey showing...
Buying the Right Plot of Land
Before buying any land for development, there are plenty of factors to consider. First, you'll want to consider the general area. Is it urban, suburban, or rural? Is it in a community where you would like to build or live? Choosing a location largely depends on your commitments and personal preferences. These questions should be considered before you select a general area, and certainly before you begin examining specific plots of land.
Next, consider the size and orientation of the lot. How...
Land Surveying During the Great Depression
The Great Depression of the 1930s significantly impacted virtually every occupation. Land surveyors and civil engineers were not immune to the economic downtown, and thousands soon found themselves looking for work in once-booming towns. By 1933, the Federal Emergency Relief Administration, a government agency, contacted the United States Coast & Geodetic Survey, or C&GS, to implement a program to create employment opportunities for surveyors and engineers.
The initial goals of the C&GS...
Cell Tower ALTA Surveys
As we move further into the 21st century and nearly everything becomes wireless, it becomes necessary to send more and more information across cell phone towers. Although you probably take for granted the freedom you get from the presence of cell phone towers, cell phone towers are actually very important to our daily lives. Just imagine what would happen without them. You have surely encountered an area where you just cant get a signal on your cell phone. Although these areas are growing...
7 Land Surveying Myths and Misconceptions Debunked
Are you considering having a land survey done on your property? There are many survey related misconceptions that can steer you the wrong way. Here is the truth about 7 common surveying myths:
Land surveys arent necessary if you can find the survey stakes - If you find the survey stakes from a previous survey, all you know is that there was a previous surveyor who determined that this location was on the edge of the property. The land surveyor you hire can tell you if what youve found is...
Understanding Survey Measurement Terms
Have you ever tried to read an old survey or map without success? Terms like 'rod' or 'township' were once commonplace, and indeed are still in use in specific applications, but most people have no idea what they mean. How can you visualize a property without having a basic understanding of these distances and measurements?
Today's surveyors continue to use measurement systems that were developed by long-ago surveyors. A rod (sometimes known as a pole) is a measurement of 16.5 feet. Each rod...
Commercial Construction Staking
Construction staking for commercial projects is a crucial step in the building process that can directly influence whether a project finishes on time, on budget, and free from errors. It is in the best interests of the construction company or developer to utilize the skills of a qualified registered land surveyor to perform the staking. A good surveyor will interpret the plans and layout the project to best fit the site as the designer, engineer, or architect intended. By having someone with...
Did You Know That George Washington Was a Land Surveyor
Did you know that George Washington was a land surveyor? Young George Washington learned the art of surveying from his brother Lawrence and from a group of established regional surveyors. By 1746, barely into his teens, he began running lines for farms near his home. His first known survey, of the Ferry Farm, is dated 1747, and amazingly, is still in existence.
In 1749, at the young age of 17, future President Washington was appointed the Surveyor General of Virginia. As surveyor for Culpeper...
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